A Profile of Marita Bonner

A Profile of Marita Bonner Conceived on June 16, 1898, taught in Brookline, Massachusetts, government funded schools and Radcliffe College, Marita Bonner distributed short stories and articles from 1924 to 1941 in Opportunity, The Crisis, Black Life and different magazines. She once in a while distributed under the alias Maree Andrew. Her 1925 exposition in Crisis, On Being Young, A Woman, and Colored which manages prejudice and sexism and destitution, is a case of her social discourse. She likewise composed a few plays. Bonners composing managed issues of race, sex, and class, as her characters attempted to grow all the more completely even with social constraints, featuring particularly the helplessness of dark ladies. She wedded William Almy Occomy in 1930 and moved to Chicago where they brought up three kids and where she likewise educated school. She distributed as Marita Bonner Occomy after her marriage. Her Frye Street stories were set in Chicago. Marita Bonner Occomy didn't distribute anything else after 1941 when she joined the Christian Science Church. Six new stories were found in her note pads after she kicked the bucket in 1971, in spite of the fact that the dates demonstrated shed kept in touch with them before 1941. An assortment of her work was distributed in 1987 as Frye Street and Environs: The Collected Works of Marita Bonner. Marita Bonner Occomy kicked the bucket in 1971 of confusions of wounds supported in a fire in her home.

Bound Morphemes Pg Essays

Bound Morphemes Pg Essays Bound Morphemes Pg Essay Bound Morphemes Pg Essay Notes from live communicate 29/07/09 Mrs Masehela said something toward the start of the meeting that due to a lot of understudies getting their examination material late, she would concentrate just on what is pertinent for the test during this communicate †I truly trust this is the situation. The parts I allude to in these notes are from the endorsed book: Investigating English. Part One An arrangement of finishes paperwork for human correspondence there are various methods of semantic correspondence composing signs and oral. Language is a semiotic framework. Semiotics: the investigation of signs and images and their meanings.Language is where the individual components ‘signs’, take their general importance from HOW they are joined with different components. Think about the English language spelling examples and contrast that and another dialect you know. Think about the street signs and their implications or some other sign and its significance. de Saussure hypoth esis of phonetic signs. pg 6 The signifier †the grouping of sounds (word), which makes up the sign e. g. w/a/t/e/r this is the image. The meant †the psychological or physical truth of the sign e. g. water. The properties of language (one of a kind) pg 9 Displacement †talk about things that are not in sight. Discretion †no regular connection between a word and it’s meaning. Carefulness †independent or particular. Each stable capacities as a person. Duality †unmistakable sounds don't pass on importance however convey meaning when joined with different sounds. (ooo, eee, aaa without anyone else no significance). Efficiency †speakers deliver and decipher a vast number of new signals, ready to create a sentence without retaining. Social transmission †language is given starting with one age then onto the next (mother tongue).Chapter 4 Words and word development (the structure of words) Morpheme †pg 63 the littlest important unit of a lan guage. e. g. â€ful, - er, un-, ive. Free morphemes †pg 65 autonomous words, straightforward can’t be stalled. vehicle, sure, fine, bite, school, a, the, Two sorts †content/lexical morphemes Open gathering new words can be included. They convey meaning †fine, bite. work/linguistic morphemes Closed gathering new words scarcely ever included. At the point when joined, cooperate with content †yet, on the off chance that, this, and. Bound morphemes †pg 67 can not happen unattached. (not a word all alone) likewise called joins. e. g. â€ful, un-, - s, - er. the base or the stem is the morpheme to which prefixes and additions are connected. e. g. safe, drive, tangle. Inflectional morphemes-pg 68 don't change the linguistic status of a word. e. g school (thing), schools (thing), talk (action word), talked (action word) can change amounts, tenses, majority. [pic] see page 69 also. Derivational morphemes †pg 69 these change the syntactic class of a wo rd e. g. â€ly gradually action word descriptive word qualifier Chapter 7 Language and implications. Nature of significance. Language is a course/channel along which considerations are moved. Which means can’t be isolated from language. Lexemes. can have an assortment of structures called variation structures. at the point when change starting with one then onto the next, which means changes too. [pic] Chapter 8 Language procurement. Obtaining †what we are brought into the world with, learn as we grow up to around 13 years old. Learning †what we are officially educated, from around 13 years. Various speculations Imitation †youngster mimics language they hear around them. Characteristic †people brought into the world with a limit with regards to a language improvement. Info motherese/overseer discourse, additional time went through with. Psychological †youngster builds up an idea first, ready to recollect/understand expressions of language. Section 8 cont†¦ Language procurement †watch any youngster between the periods of 1m †6y. study the segment on phases of language securing pg 133-135 of course reading. this is my outline of this segment †unrealistic to disclose however is conceivable to watch, record and diagram. continue at own pace, arrive at various stages at various ages succession of stages, for the most part a similar Stage 1 †, | |attention/inconvenience |by short vowel |longer then cooing |resembling discourse †|recognisable objects|combine 2 |nouns-exclude the | |†high to low |1st genuine signs | |am,- ed â€ing, | |language development| | Chapter 9 English and instruction 1. What job should English play in your locale/nation? 2. What job is English playing in your locale/nation today? 3. The job and significance of the standard assortment of English. 1. Binding together language, ready to associate with colleagues, financially conceivable to pick up acknowledgment and be compre hended. 2.Kind can emerge out of/different †have fluctuating etymological foundations, multi/mono-lingual †a few networks are overflowed by individuals from different pieces of the world; English has a job, as a unifier, colleague, feel acknowledged. Past outskirt of nation †what is the job there? 3. Is it extremely imperative to know standard assortment of English or just â€Å"black† English, â€Å"Hispanic† English or must it be standard English. If you don't mind right me here/include or what ever †I appear to have missed the vessel here; anyway I did compose all that she talked about? I speculate we have to set up this for a long inquiry. Test 2 hours. Guarantee you write in sections â€Å"give a basic.. † give own view on subject, - ve and +ve side prove. â€Å"discuss† write in sections, your own view isn't important here.

Less Stuff, More Sex

Less Stuff, More Sex A few years back, during our first tour of the Mapleleaf North, we stood amid alphabetical rows of endless bookshelves, basking in a Calgary bookstores fluorescent glow, answering questions at the end of our talk in front of a few hundred smiling Canadians. Thenâ€"a heckler. It happens in almost every city. Someone projects their fears, expectations, and insecurities onto us: You guys arent real minimalists because You drive a car. You own a smartphone. You sell books. You whatever. It happens so frequently that were now inoculated to the criticism. Whenever you do something meaningful, people will judge you. So what? Let them. Judgment is but a mirror reflecting the insecurities of the person whos doing the judging. But this timeâ€"in this Albertan bookshopâ€"was different. Toward the back of the crowd, a man in his mid-forties raised his hand and, in an aggressive tone, said, I dont have a questionâ€"I have comment. The crowd hushed, waited. I had to get rid of my bed because of you two, the heckler said. Excuse me? Ryan said. Because of this whole minimalism thing, my wife and I had to get rid of our bed, he said, louder this time, furrowing his brow and gesturing toward the woman at his right. Why? Joshua asked. Weve never told anyone to get rid of their bed. I own a bed. Ryan owns a bed. I wouldntâ€" I dont think you understand me! he interrupted, his arms gesticulating wildly, a manic look on his features. My wife found your website earlier this year, and we had to get rid of our bed! But why wouldâ€" Our marriage was ending, he cut in again. After two decades, we had become roommates, not a married couple. We were staying together just for the kids. The entire crowd was rubbernecking now, staring at the couple. Then my wife found your website, and she started simplifying without telling me. She was letting go of everything that didnt add value to our lives! Uh-oh, Ryan muttered. Thats right! She found your 20/20 Rule. And then your 90/90 Rule. She was even playing the Minimalism Game with her friends. Hmm, Joshua pondered aloud. In just a few months, I noticed something was different. Our house was cleaner, tidier, less cluttered. But, more important, something was different with my wife. She seemed happier, calmer, less stressed. And she was being nicer to me, which forced me to notice how umm not nice I was being to her. And to our kids. And to everyone in my life. But then I realized I could be nice, too. My wife had changed, so that meant I could changeâ€"it was my decision. We both nodded and continued listening. Maybe this wasnt a heckler after all. For the first time in years, with much of our excess junk out of the way, my wife and I started talking again. We were actually communicating with each other. We started having discussions we hadnt had in years: Dreams. Goals. Priorities. Everything was on the table. A huge smile broke across the mans glowing face. Then something amazing happened: we started having sex again. Lots of sex. Crazy sex. Great sex! So much sex that our teenage kids complained that our bed was too loud, he clapped his hands to mimic their headboard banging against a wall: Bang! Bang! Bang! Bang! Laughter overcame the crowd. So we got rid of our bed, too. And with less stuff, we found ourselvesâ€"we found the couple who had been buried under decades of clutter. Subscribe to The Minimalists via email.

The Trends Of Violence Throughout The United States

1. Describe the trends of violence throughout the history of the United States. How do the rates of violent crime in the United States compare to rates of these crimes internationally? During ancient times and the Middle Ages, crime was basically a rural problem rather than a urban problem and it wasn’t until after the 1960s in the United States that urban rates for homicide exceeded those of rural areas. In Canada, the rural homicide rate still exceeded the urban rate in the 1970 and a number of studies have shown that countries with greater inequalities in income distribution have higher murder rates. In the Unites States, racial disparity is highest in arrest rates for crimes of violence and the arrest rate for blacks is about eight times the rate of whites. Prior to the 1930s, the United States had no national crime statistics but information reflects that at the turn of the twentieth century, violent crime rates were equal to the present levels. Although the willful homicide rate declined from its peak in 1933, this dip in crime was somewhat misleading due to better treatment methods and more survivors of crime but by the seventies, the sheer volume of violence had surpassed the means of recovering victims. At the beginning of the early 1990s, the United States was enjoying unprecedented low levels of criminal violence although the rate of homicide by black, urban juveniles exploded due to the crack cocaine epidemic, poverty, single-parent households, educationalShow MoreRelatedGuns And Their Effect On Gun Control962 Words   |  4 Pagesto use them have been under attack in the United States and many other places throughout the World. There are groups of people that believe that as long as we have the right to bear arms that many unp rotected people will lose their lives due to gun violence. There are many trends that come with gun violence and where these mass shooting occur, but a main one is that when a place legally prohibits carrying a weapon then that is where the most gun violence happens. Where guns are not legally presentRead MoreLiberalism And Conservatism Are An Abstract Political Ideology1163 Words   |  5 Pagesdemocratic, libertarian, humanitarian, egalitarian, and permissive. Conservative attributes focus on, â€Å"small state, minimal regulations, individual freedom and responsibility, patriotism, and strong law and order† (Dommett, 2015). When measuring trends in a variety of topics, Smith (1990) found that trends dealing with individualism and equal rights were mostly associated with liberal views, while trends on the topic of crime was mostly associated with conservatives. Bruns and Gimpel (2000) noted that AmericansRead MoreWhat Is The Difference Between The Same States And The Unite d States1042 Words   |  5 PagesBetween the Nordic states and the United States Many similarities can be drawn between the way in which the United States and the Nordic countries set up their criminal justice systems and governments. Each has a democratic constitution with governmental power divided among the three branches seen in the United States. Coalition governments are standard, as each sees multiparty political systems. Nationally organized institutions govern the justice system in the Unites States and in the Nordic countriesRead MoreCorrections Trends Evaluation Paper1552 Words   |  7 PagesCorrections Trend Evaluation Carla Howard CJA 394 University of Phoenix Corrections have existed throughout society for many years and continued to change and evolve in the United States reflecting society’s values and ideals throughout the centuries. In the criminal justice system, corrections exist in more than one form. Not only do corrections refer to jails and prison systems but they also pertain to community-based programs, such as probation, parole, halfway houses, and treatmentRead MoreOrder in Society1253 Words   |  6 Pagessuch as the race, religion, and socioeconomic status of civilians. Misconduct and violence by the police can occur during protests and demonstrations, or everyday encounters with citizens. Much of the police brutality in the last few decades of American history can be identified to be dependent on racial factors, especially in the South. However, this trend is slowly reversing. As social conversation in the United States moves away from racial issues and towards economic disparity, police brutalityRead MoreRise Of The Warrior Cop1054 Words   |  5 PagesRise of the Warrior Cop, by Radley Balko, centers around police in the United States and how it has gone through militarization throughout the years. Militarization is a process in which the police departments take on tactics that are similar to the tactics used by the military. Police forces were initially made to make our environment a safer place to live in. In this book, Balko explains how that has changed. Practices of policing first began when people would get hired, unofficially, to keep slavesRead MoreViolence in Youth1171 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Youth violence is defined as violent behaviour that begins early in life and continues throughout subsequent stages of life. Youth violence may include physical and emotional harm, and minor crimes, escalating to murder (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2013). Youth are recognized as being between the ages of twelve and twenty-four however, teens are the most affected by violence than any other group of youths as they are habitually perceived as the most violent age groupRead MoreAmerican Indians And The American Indian1339 Words   |  6 PagesIn present day capitalist Unites States, we value the America Dream as much now as we did over a century ago. This opportunity of prosperity, success, and upward social mobility, entices the masses to work hard and achieve set aspirations. The American Dream however, is hindered across the American Indian population, and in order for this hope of prosperity to come to fruition, American Indians need to be given the same opportunit ies as all other ethnic groups. The term American Indian is officiallyRead MorePolitical Status of the Disputed Territories1318 Words   |  5 Pagesin two general areas: religious idolatry and the formation of an officially recognized Palestinian state. The political status of Cyprus is fragmented and uncertain. Cyprus has been in disarray since 1974 when Turkey inserted military forces geographically and politically dividing the island nation. Since this time political tension between the Greek and Turkish Cypriots has been constant. United Nations involvement has inserted some relief but a new hydrocarbon discovery off the coast of CyprusRead More Capital Punishment Essay: Retain Capital Punishment?696 Words   |  3 Pagesback. Quite clearly, such violence is to be denounced vehemently.    Appropriate measures should be employed to safeguard our community and reduce the incidence of crime. The guilty should pay the penalty for their actions. At the same time, however, we as Christians also consider it our duty to question the suitability of retaining the death penalty within our penal system.    Today, in our nation more than 2,500 human beings await execution. As throughout history, so in our day, a

stop and frisk - 1498 Words

We live in world where police officers are suppose to be protected and help us out when needed. The reality of it is police officers are out here on the beat violating are constitutional rights. Stop and frisk was to help fight crime on the streets but all it caused was racial profiling by officers everyday for the last twelve years. Stop and frisk has been used and abused and young adults are afraid to leave their house because they know they will be harassed for no good reason. Stop and frisk has caused a war between the officers and people no one feels confortable going up to an officer for help because of pervious encounters because of stop and frisks. Why has this been going on for so long and when will it change? The meaning of†¦show more content†¦Mayor de Blasio goal when he came into office was to stop the racial profiling that has been overused to the young adults in are neighborhoods. The underlying message of the article is â€Å" paying the way to a reduction i n racial profiling, a greater guarantee of equal treatment under the law, and better relations between police and the community, this move offers a guide to other cities across the nation committed to ensuring safety, justice and fairness for all cities.† (Goodman 2014) The evidence that backs up this racial profiling claim is static from the nation urban league. â€Å"From 2002 to 2011, black and Latino residents made up close to 90 percent of people stopped, and about 88 percent of stops more than 3.8 million were innocent New Yorkers.† The bias of the author is against stop and frisk. This will affect the perspective of the article because it will show all the flaws in the NYPD. This article showed me that when you have people who care you could make a change in the world. The mayor has stop and frisk in new york and he has only been In office for a few months. The statics in this article shocked me because why are so many young adults of color are being stop just be cause they are walking down the street. We should be able to feel safe and protected not harassed and be judge by theShow MoreRelatedStop And Frisk : Stop Or Frisk1442 Words   |  6 PagesStop and Frisk What are stop and frisk? Who is allowed to use stop and frisk? Haq tells us that stop and frisk is a program that enables a police officer to stop, question, and frisk a person for weapons (Haq). This means that the police officer can stop, search and question you at any time only if they have reasonable suspicion; but, only if they follow the proper protocol and guidelines. Stop and Frisk will promote safety not only for the officer but also in society. Many people may think thatRead MoreStop and Frisk1557 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ My name is _________ and I am here to bring attention to the â€Å"Stop and Frisk Laws† and how they affect our youth and damage our society. Also through this exchange of information I hope to show how these type of laws go against our constitutional rights. First let’s ask what does Stop and frisk actually mean legally? â€Å"It’s the situation in which a police officer who is suspicious of an individual detains the person and runs his hands lightly over the suspects outer garments to determine ifRead MoreStop-and-Frisk Policy1057 Words   |  5 PagesThe stop-and-frisk policy could be considered a big controversy facing New York in recent times. The whole concept behind this stopping-and-frisking is the police officer, with reasonable suspicion of some crime committed or about to be committed, stops a pedestrian, questions them, then if needed frisks the person. This policy started gaining public attention back in 1968 from the Terry v. Ohio case. A police officer saw the three men casing a store and he believed they were going to rob the store;Read MoreThe Stop And Frisk Policy947 Words   |  4 PagesThe stop and frisk policy came about many years ago. The stop and frisk is used for protection for the officer or offi cers. An officer can stop a suspect and frisk him/her for weapons, contraband or any other items if the officer feels any other suspicion. A Stop and Frisk do not require a warrant. This practice is very common now days, but similar procedures to stop and frisk policy started in the 1980s. According to Clark (2015), the earliest origins of stop and frisk were used in 1994 by StreetRead MoreThe Stop And Frisk Laws1452 Words   |  6 PagesThe stop and frisk laws in New York City illustrate Max Weber’s idea of the societal role of laws because it shows how Weber distinguishes the law from things such as social norms and customs. In other words, Weber believes that rather than create laws that conform to the norms of society, they are made in accordance of the needs of a state. Weber defines law â€Å"as coercive order, an order that has the potential backing of the full force of the state,† (Law, Status, Wealth, and Power 110). A stateRead MoreWhat is Stop and Frisk? 1300 Words   |  6 Pagesis Stop and Frisk? The New York City stop-question-and-frisk program is a practice of the New York City Police Department by which police officers stop and question tens of thousands of pedestrians annually, and frisk them for weapons and other contraband (New York City Stop-question-frisk program). This program is said to keep weapons of the street but we are sure if their statements are accurate. Though the New York Police Department says this program helps keep weapons of the street, stop andRead MoreThe Stop And Frisk Police Essay2022 Words   |  9 PagesThe stop, question, and frisk policy qualifies as a criminal justice issue that has captured the attention of public nationwide. Empirical research has presented evidence that the stop and frisk police is disproportionately used against minorities, which indicates the prevalence of racial profiling. Firstly, statistical databases have shown that the New York Police Departments have stopped and friske d approximately 685,000 persons since 2011, with 85 percent of those individuals representing AfricanRead MoreWhat Is Stop And Frisk1419 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is stop and frisk? Who uses stop and frisk? According to Haq stop and frisk is a â€Å"program that enables a police officer to stop, question, and frisk a person for weapons†(1). This means that a police officer can only search someone if they possess reasonable suspicion and follow their guidelines. People should have open ideas of ways of reducing gun violence and not closing before hearing the proposals. People say that stop and frisk promote racial profiling and that it invades one’s privacyRead MoreThe Stop And Frisk Policy772 Words   |  4 PagesThe stop and frisk policy allows police officer to search only to an extent where it is enough to protect the safety of the officer. The stop and frisk policy has caused racial disparities in minority communities; furthermore, it also inflicted pain, resentm ent and anger among minorities. NYPD’s aggressive style of policing has caused great distrust between the minority community and law enforcement. Law enforcement agencies and the criminal justice system must understand the importance of trustRead MoreConstitutionality of Stop and Frisk1436 Words   |  6 Pagesincentive to respect this amendment, known as the â€Å"stop and frisk† act. The Stop and Frisk law allows police officers to stop someone and do a quick search of their outer clothing for weapons: if the officer has a reasonable suspicion that a crime has or is about to take place and the person stopped is armed or dangerous. The reasonable suspicion must be based with specific expressed facts and not on just an officer’s intuition or guess. The Stop and Frisk law balances crime control, protects an individual’s

Influence of Women on American History Through the Civil War Free Essays

string(177) " to carry pitchers of water to the artillery gunners, and she even took over her husband’s job as rammer when her husband was wounded and could no longer man the gun mission\." The Influence of Women on the Founding of America and Through 1877 Kelley Swatsenbarg Wayland Baptist University – San Antonio Center Mr. Thomas Gaj May 4, 2010 The Influence of Women on the Founding of America and Through 1877 Throughout the many years of history, women have always had some kind of influence over man. Whether it be coercing him, tricking him, or demanding of him, they changed the actions of men. We will write a custom essay sample on Influence of Women on American History Through the Civil War or any similar topic only for you Order Now Sometimes it has been completely unintentional; sometimes intentional. Sometimes it has been covertly; sometimes overtly. Sometimes it has been the mothers of great men making decisions about their upbringing; sometimes it has been the choices made by female leaders or leaders wives. The United States in no different; women have been influencing, directly or indirectly, the decision and actions of the men in America starting from the choice to fund Christopher Columbus’s misguided exploration. Famous foreign rulers have influence America, from the beginning of the history of the United States. The first, of course, is the famous Isabella, Queen of Spain, who convinced King Ferdinand to finance Christopher Columbus’s exploration to find a route to Asia by traveling west. Then Elizabeth, Queen of England, decided to try to colonize the Americas to get tax revenue thus causing great numbers of Englishmen to colonize the United States. Some women did what they could within the confines of their traditionally established role of nurturer and were involved in the medical field. Two examples are Susie King Taylor and Mary Edwards Walker. Susie King Taylor traveled with her husband who was in E Company 33rd United States Colored Troops during the Civil War. She was a former slave who became their nurse, laundress, cook, teacher, and even comforted the sick soldiers even on their deathbed. Mary Edwards Walker was also a Union nurse during Civil War who finally won a commission in the army as a surgeon, and was the only woman to receive a Congressional Medal of Honor. Dorthea Dix helped organize the Union Army Corp of Nurses and was appointed superintendent of the Union nurses. There was the teacher, Clara Barton, now a famous humanitarian, who, after the outbreak of the Civil War, remained in contact with many former students in the New England Volunteer Regiment that went south. Their mothers gave her gifts for their sons as they thought that she, as a nurse, would be able to get packages to them. She realized that these were not gifts, but rather necessities like soap; from this she created the American Red Cross. She was also a Union nurse who bravely stayed to help surgeons under fire when all the male assistants fled. Some women personally aided soldiers and the underprivileged. One such woman was Margaret Corbin who traveled with her husband to take care of him during the war, doing woman’s work, but was in a battle with her husband. When he died in battle, she took over the cannon; she was wounded and later received the first retired disability pension for a woman. Some women created inspiration in various forms of literature to give hope to the men of this nation. One was Ethel Lynn Beers who wrote poetry and published a poem she’d titled â€Å"The Picket Guard. † The poem was adapted to music and sung by soldiers on both sides in the Civil War. Another woman of inspiration is Lydia Maria Child who wrote An Appeal in Favor of That Class of Americans Called Africans_ _that was a key to persuading many Americans of the need for abolition of slavery. Some women were acclaimed worldwide, like Catherine Maria Sedgwick, who wrote numerous historical sketches and biographies. Her writing is considered to be completely American in both thought and feeling; it captured the all of the characterx and manners of New England. Another American author was Mercy Otis Warren, the wife of politician, James Warren; the couple had a close friendship with Abigail and John Adams. John encouraged her to write the history of the American Revolution. Ironically, he ostracized her and her husband because of candid accounts of atrocities against women and children during the war. By far the most famous writer to influence politics was Harriet Beecher Stowe who became a celebrity when she published Tom’s Cabin in 1851 depicting the atrocious lives of black slaves in the South. In 1852 she was introduced to President Abraham Lincoln who greeted her â€Å"So you are the little woman who wrote the book that started this Great War! † Other women created patriotic symbols which would inspire generations of Americans. Betsy Ross, operated an upholstery shop, became legendary for making the first stars-and-stripes at the request of George Washington which was adopted as the national flag by the Continental Congress on June 14, 1777. Another example of a woman who inspired is Julia Ward Howe, a famous writer who wrote the celebrated Battle Hymn of the Republic. Many women inspired men through their patriotic activities. One great patriot that inspired Georgia was their most famous female patriot of the Revolutionary War, Nancy Hart, whose steadfast endeavors get rid of British and their sympathizers. However the most famous heroic female patriot, in spite of her flaws, is Dolly Madison, the wife of James Madison and acting first lady for Thomas Jefferson. She could have influence them in their politics, but she inspired the masses with her patriot deeds. During her husband’s tenure as president, the British attacked Washington, D. C. She had the foresight to save not only the silver but also secret documents and a portrait of George Washington which would have likely been destroyed. Another patriot was Molly Pitcher, originally named Mary Ludwig Hays. During the Battle of Monmouth in 1778, she was with her husband on the front lines. Seeing that the soldiers were thirsty, she made her way through ferocious fighting to carry pitchers of water to the artillery gunners, and she even took over her husband’s job as rammer when her husband was wounded and could no longer man the gun mission. You read "Influence of Women on American History Through the Civil War" in category "Papers" Sometimes women invented machines or assisting others in their endeavors to invent. For example, Martha Coston developed an elaborate system of flares called Night Signals that allowed ships to transmit nocturnal messages which was later purchased by the U. S. Navy. Also, Mary Walton patented a method of deflecting smoke stack emissions through water tanks later adapted the system for use on locomotives and invented a noise reduction system for elevated railroads. On the other hand Catharine (Kitty) Littlefield Greene helped Eli Whitney set up his workshop and was among the few people to see his first prototype of the cotton gin. At the time it was able to remove the seed, but the cotton fibers kept getting stuck in the mechanisms. Kitty simply suggested sweeping the fibers off and the rest, shall we say, is history. Some women have taken steps out of the boundaries of the traditional role by being the first woman to surpass a man in a particular field. Among these was Lady Deborah Moody who, because of lack of religious freedom, led a group of followers to the Dutch colony of New Netherland where she founded the settlement of Gravesend in Brooklyn. Also because of views about standard religions, Mary Baker Eddy founded Christian Science as well as the six time Pulitzer Prize winning newspaper, The Christian Science Monitor. Still other women inspired men to think of women as more equal by making the same achievements as men. First there was Mary Katherine Goddard, the first woman publisher who was asked by the signers of the Declaration of Independence to print the first official copies of the document. There was also Margaret Fuller, the first female foreign correspondent. In medicine, Elizabeth Blackwell became the first woman to graduate from medical school, and Sarah Hackett Stevenson was the first female member of the American Medical Association. Sometimes women influence men by political activism like Harriett Delille who campaigned for children’s labor rights or Ester Deberdt Reed who formed a women’s organization that collected $300,000 for Washington’s army. Still others campaigned for workers’ rights like Sarah Bagley who fought for a ten-hour workday. Of course now the laws state that a workday must be no longer than eight hours a day or forty hours per week, but we would not have progressed to where we are without her protesting. Others spoke out for women’s rights like Susan B. Anthony, Isabella Stowe Beecher, Lucretia Coffin Mott, and Elizabeth Cady Stanton, just to name a few. Yet others spoke out against slavery like Abby Folsom, Frances Ellen Watkins Harper, Maria Stewart, and Truth Sojourner. Victoria Woodhull took activism a step further when she became a politician and was the first women to campaign for president of the United States in 1872. Sometimes their influence has simply been by virtue of the fact that they were married to famous men and they have influenced their husbands’ actions. Martha Washington, as we all know, was the wife of President George Washington. She was the first first-lady forming the model for all first ladies to come with her abilities to balance managing a plantation, arranging state dinners and function, visiting troops, and maintaining her relationship with George by supporting and advising him. Abigail Smith Adams was the wife of Samuel Adam and mother of John Quincy Adams who would later become president. She was his confidant, counselor, and advisor sharing her political views with him and even warning him about future problems including women’s rights. Their son, John Quincy Adams married Louisa Adams. Louisa, the only first lady not born in America, is reputed to have made many social calls to help him get elected. Deborah Read Franklin was the common law wife of Benjamin Franklin. She also took over his responsibilities as owner of a printing business and as postmaster while he was away on diplomatic affairs. On the other hand, Elizabeth Schuler Hamilton spent her entire life dedicated to memorializing her husband’s heritage. She even ensured a brass plaque was placed on their son’s grave in Sacramento, California dedicated to Alexander’s patriotism. Sarah Livingston Jay would pass valuable information, and gossip, to her husband, John Jay which helped him while he was secretary of foreign affairs – this position was also the head of Congress and thereby the de-facto head of state. Mary White Morris and her husband Robert Morris were close friends of John and Sally Jay, often having many a long political discussion. While Rebecca Ann Felton, the husband of William Felton, helped him write his speeches while he served as a congressman between 1875 thru 1881. Still other women were simply involved with activities which have influenced domestic politics like, Irene Sanford Emerson who was sued by a former slave, Dred Scott. Mr. Scott traveled with Mr. Emerson while he was in the army stationed in the North; he claimed he had been emancipated as a result of having lived with his master in the free state of Illinois. The court ruled in favor of Mrs. Emerson; Mr. Scott appealed to the Supreme Court where the decision was upheld, but it set the precedence that blacks had a legal right to file suit in a civil court, as previously blacks were considered property and therefore, like a chair, could not litigate. There were also many Native American women who assisted and acted as diplomats for the settlers and colonists. One was Mary Musgrove, an American Indian interpreter, diplomat, and businesswoman. She was raised by Colonists and, because she knew both languages well, she interpreted for James Oglethorpe when he founded the colony of Georgia. She also inherited land from her Native American mother, as their tradition was to pass property down the matriarchal line. The English refused to accept the legality of her property ownership and she took them to court. They negotiated and came to a compromise; some of the land was sold by the British with her receiving the proceeds. Then there was Pocahontas, Native American princess who helped the Jamestown settlers by bringing them food and warning them of her father’s attacks. She was held prisoner by the settlers in an effort to force her father into a peace agreement, but he refused; she eventually converted her to Christianity and married John Rolfe. Because of her position as wife of John Rolfe and daughter of an Indian chief, she was able to maintain peace between the two communities. Sacajawea was another Native American who influenced American politics. She was married to a French man, Toussaint Charbonneau, the guide hired by Lewis and Clark on their famous expedition. Sacajawea went with her husband and interpreted with the Native American Indians. She would translate to Charbonneau in French and he would translate to Lewis and Clark into English. During her trip she gave birth to a son, and, all the while taking care of him, guided the explorers trough Indian lands, protected them from Indian attacks, kept valuable items from being lost–her husband was a klutz, and even found them food to supplement their all-meat diet. Other women covertly did the jobs of men such as Deborah Champion, a teenage girl who bought parcels, messages and pay to General George Washington when soldiers could not. Some other messengers were Behethland Moore and Sybil Ogden Ludington, dubbed the â€Å"female Paul Revere† (she rode about twice as far as he did on his famous ride). Still other women, like Harriet Tubman–a conductor on the Underground Railroad, acted secrectly. The history of the world abounds with famous female spies like Pauline Cushman, a Union spy, became a camp follower of the Confederate army. She was discover, tried in a military court, and sentenced to hang; they delayed her sentence due to her health and she was rescued by Union forces. Upon her return North, President Lincoln made her an honorary major. Elizabeth Van Lew was a famous and effective Union spy. She entered the Confederate Libby Prison on the pretense of humanitarian reasons, and, since the guards thought she was harmless and crazy, she gained information about the strength and disposition of the troops. As her work continued, she devised a way to send coded messages inside eggs. Belle Boyd used her feminine wiles to gain secrets and trap Union soldiers. Others posed as soldiers and fought in war. During the Civil War, Ann Clarke dressed as a man in the Confederate army. She was wounded, taken prisoner, and later released. Prudence Wright gathered a women’s troop and dressed in husbands’ uniforms to defend their city from the British. They captured a British spy and turned him over to the Colonial Army. Deborah Sampson Gannet dressed as man in order to fight in Revolution; her husband received land and was granted the pension of a soldier. During her career she was wounded several times and caught a fever which nearly took her life. If it were not for the fever she would have remained a soldier longer, but a doctor finally discovered her secret, but he did not publicly release the fact, instead he sent her to General George Washington who immediately discharged her. Then there was the famous story of Sarah Emma Edmonds who enlisted in the Union army as Frank Thompson, a male nurse. She effectively guarded her secret for many years even taking on disguises of men and women, blacks and whites to spy. She left the army for medical treatment in an area where she was unknown, when she did this, Frank Thompson was viewed as a deserter. Afterwards, she fought to be recognized for her achievements, and, with a special act of Congress, she was honorably discharged and given a pension. The Confederacy had plenty of female spies too. Included in this number is Antonia Ford who passed along to Confederate J. E. B. Stuart information on Union troop activity. Rose O’Neal Greenhow was such a successful spy that she was imprisoned twice, and then exiled to the Confederate states. She was to tour Britain and France as a propagandist for the Confederate cause; her memoirs were published with a wide sale throughout the British Isles. She obtained more and more sympathy for the South. There was also the case of Loreta Janeta Velazquez who enlisted in disguise and served at Manassas/Bull Run, Ball’s Bluff, Fort Donelson, and Shiloh under the name Lieutenant Harry T. Buford. She also claims to have served as a spy and worked working as a double agent for the Confederacy in the service of the U. S. Secret Service. To this day no one can determine if in fact any of these accounts are true,, although a newspaper report mentions a Lieutenant Bensford arrested when it was disclosed â€Å"he† was actually a woman giving her name as Alice Williams. Even in Colonial times America was full of willing female spies and messengers such as Dicey Langston was a teenage colonial spy who forded a river, up to her shoulders, to get details of British troop movement to the colonial army. And then there was Emily Geiger a messenger for General Greene in the Colonial army. Coming from the direction of Greene’s army, she was suspected and confined to a room. The officer sent for a woman to search her for papers. She sought to destroy the letter; once the door was shut, she ate up the letter, piece by piece. Lydia Darragh was a mortician and would watch British troops from the window of her house. She sent messages about their activities through one of her sons and then to another soldier to get information to Washington’s Army. British officer Major Andre commandeered her house, but allowed the family to stay in the house. She could then listen in on their plotting and send word of their plans. Others’ influences were merely accidental like Peggy O’Neale Eaton, married Senator John Eaton in 1828 during Andrew Jackson’s presidency. Many gossiped about her colorful past and seeming infidelity with her first husband, when she married Eaton, she shunned by cabinet members’ wives due to her assumed sordid past. The behavior of the ladies towards her and the influence upon their husbands created such a disaster that the cabinet fell apart–Jackson fired them all. An unintentional influence on men’s actions was Betsy Loring who was General Howe’s mistress; although she was the wife a loyalist, she distracted General Howe by â€Å"entertaining† and distracting him from battles with General Washington. The United States of America owes an enormous debt to Mary Ball Washington. She set the example of solid morals and religious opinions, and even read to her children aloud. We need to thank her for one incidentally decision that she made regarding the future of her son. When George was fourteen years old, his half-brother Lawrence obtained a midshipman’s warrant for him in the English naval service. George was already packed and ready to go, but his mother refused to give her consent at the last minute. So, because of an inadvertent decision, George Washington became the Father of Our Country and our first President instead of an English naval officer. In conclusion, in all nations, including the United States, women have been influencing, either directly or indirectly, the decision and actions of the men. Regardless of whether we believe that changes women have made are good or bad, they have helped define this great nation of ours, and, as the French say, â€Å"Viva la difference. Collins, G. (2003). America’s Women: 400 Years of Dolls, Drudges, Helpmates, and Heroines. New York: HarperCollins Publishers Roberts, C. (2004_) Founding Mothers: the Women Who Raised Our Nation. _ New York: HarperCollins Publishers Roberts, C. (2008). Ladies of Liberty: the Women Who Shaped Our Nation. New York: HarperCollins Publishers Taylor, S. K. (2004). The Diary of Susie King Taylor, Civil War nurse. Tarrytown, NY: Benchmark books Zall, P. M. (1991). Founding Mothers: Profiles of Ten Wives of America’s Founding Fathers. Bowie, MD: Heritage Books How to cite Influence of Women on American History Through the Civil War, Papers

Symbolic In LOTF Essay Research Paper Imagine free essay sample

Symbolic In LOTF Essay, Research Paper Imagine a clump of immature kids # 8217 ; s lives changed by being trapped on a island with no civilisation about. William Golding shows how terrorizing it can be in Lord Of The Flies, the novel that brings symbolism above all to the emotions of all that read it. The symbols that bring out the intending the best are the leading accomplishments, the fire and the conch. First, are the leading accomplishments, as are shown in the book, Ralph has. Ralph in the novel has many thoughts, leading accomplishments, and has the force he needs to make a better topographic point and seek to acquire them all place. There are three major quotation marks that prove that Ralph has what it takes. This first 1 shows he has good thoughts and can implement what he thinks should go on. Shut up, said Ralph abstractedly. He lifted the conch. We will write a custom essay sample on Symbolic In LOTF Essay Research Paper Imagine or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Seem to me we ought to hold a head to make up ones mind things ( # 22 ) . He besides shows he can be a good head and do them listen with a moving ridge of a manus. Ralph smiled and held up the conch for silence ( # 23 ) . Last, when Ralph blows the conch, as though a force is drawing them nigher, the kids go to him. By the clip Ralph had finished blowing the conch the platform was crowded ( # 32 ) . Next, one of the bigger symbols is the fire. Enforcing the regulations is one thing, but the kids would instead play than maintain the fire traveling. Ralph gives the thought for the fire, but can they maintain it traveling? There # 8217 ; s another thing. We can assist them to happen us. If a ship comes near the island they might non detect us. We must do a fire ( # 38 ) . Jack has a great thought to utilize Piggy # 8217 ; s spectacless to illume the fire. Jack pointed all of a sudden. His specs-use them as combustion spectacless ( # 40 ) ! Jack has a compulsion of hunting and it turns to the choir every bit good. They have Thursdaies vitamin E duty to maintain the fire traveling, but they get side tracked, travel hunting and the fire goes out. There was a ship. Out at that place. You said you’d maintain the fire traveling and you allow it out! He took a measure towards Jack who turned and faced him. They might hold seen us. We might hold gone place ( # 70 ) . As you can see a clump of kids are non ready for that sort of duty. Finally is the conch, it shows the start of a civilisation and regulations, but the kids can’t do a civilised topographic point without order which they don’t have. Piggy knew what the conch was at first and knew they should blow on it but all was taken recognition for by Ralph. When they foremost found it Ralph thought it was a rock in the H2O but Piggy saw it as the shell and explained what he knew about it. A rock. No. A shell. Suddenly Piggy was a-bubble with decorous excitement. S’right. It’s a shell! I seen one like that earlier. On someoneâ €™s back wall. A conch he called it. He used to blow it and so his Dendranthema grandifloruom would come. It’s of all time so valuable- ( # 15 ) . The shell emits a deep harsh note boomed. Ralph was amazed at the sound. Gosh! ( # 17 ) . He was amazed at the sound. It was a naming of the islands kids. Subsequently in the narrative, everyone would be speaking at the same clip so Ralph said he would give it to a individual and they were the lone 1s to talk. Conch? That’s what this shell’s called. I’ll give the conch to the following individual to talk. He can keep it when he’s speech production ( # 33 ) . Golding does a brilliant occupation of symbolism in his novel. Already proven are three of the chief symbols. Golding brings emotion, thought, and symbolism together in Lord Of The Flies. Those kid # 8217 ; s lives were severed, some lives perished, others dreaded by the incubuss of their memories.